What is the pathophysiology of splenomegaly?
What is the pathophysiology of splenomegaly?
Splenomegaly can be classified based on its pathophysiologic mechanism: Congestive, by pooled blood (e.g., portal hypertension) Infiltrative, by invasion by cells foreign to the splenic environment (e.g., metastases, myeloid neoplasms, lipid storage diseases)
What is congestive splenomegaly?
In splenomegaly. … form of the disorder, called congestive splenomegaly, the spleen becomes engorged with blood because of impaired flow through the splenic vein, which empties into the portal vein.
Why does splenomegaly occur in congestive heart failure?
Background: During the progression of chronic heart failure (CHF), decreased cardiac functioning is often associated with congestion in the inferior vena vein, which in turn induces splenomegaly and subsequent hypersplenism.
Why there is congestive splenomegaly in portal hypertension?
Liver disease such as cirrhosis, or liver scarring, can cause the blockage of blood flow through the liver, thus causing blood to back up in the portal vein resulting in increased pressure or portal hypertension. As a result, the spleen becomes engorged with blood, leading to splenomegaly.
What causes splenomegaly?
Contributing factors include: Viral infections, such as mononucleosis. Bacterial infections, such as syphilis or an infection of your heart’s inner lining (endocarditis) Parasitic infections, such as malaria.
What causes massive splenomegaly?
The most common aetiologies of massive splenomegaly include haematological disorders (chronic myeloid leukamia, agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, polycythaemia vera, essential thrombocythaemia, indolent lymphomas, hairy cell leukaemia, β-thalassaemia major), infectious diseases (visceral leishmaniasis, malaria) and …
What is congestive hepatitis?
1. Congestive hepatopathy describes the manifestations of chronic, passive congestion of the liver in the setting of heart failure or other cardiac defects that result in elevation of the central venous pressure.
What causes congestion of spleen?
Other causes of splenic congestion include cardiovascular disease, mononuclear cell leukemia in rats, and erythrocyte damage secondary to treatment. Congestion of the spleen should be distinguished from angiectasis, hemorrhage, hemangioma, and hemangiosarcoma.
Why does splenomegaly occur?
Infections, such as mononucleosis, are among the most common causes of splenomegaly. Problems with your liver, such as cirrhosisand cystic fibrosis, can also cause an enlarged spleen. Another possible cause of splenomegaly is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. This condition can cause inflammation of the lymph system.
How does splenomegaly cause thrombocytopenia?
No platelets are stored in the bone marrow. If a condition causes the spleen to enlarge (splenomegaly), the spleen will function abnormally, sequestering up to 90% of the total platelet mass in the spleen. The result is a decrease in circulating platelets (thrombocytopenia).
What is the pathophysiology of portal hypertension?
Portal hypertension is characterized by a pathologic increase in portal venous pressure that leads to the formation of an extensive network of portosystemic collaterals that divert a large fraction of portal blood to the systemic circulation, bypassing the liver.
Why does malaria cause splenomegaly?
It is the cytokines which is responsible for the complications of Falciparum Malaria . The reason for the splenomegaly is due to the destruction of of the infected RBCs & therefore the spleen plays an important role in the defence against malaria .
Why does cirrhosis cause splenomegaly?
Some of the causes of splenomegaly include: Cirrhosis of the liver – which can increase the blood pressure inside the vessels of the spleen. Cystic fibrosis – a genetic disorder, characterised by excessive mucus production, particularly in the lungs and pancreas.
Why is my spleen enlarged?
The spleen may become enlarged (splenomegaly) due to many different causes. Common causes of enlarged spleen include: liver disease (cirrhosis), cancers of the blood or bone (such as lymphoma, leukemia, polycythemia vera, and thrombocythemia),
What causes a swollen spleen?
Enlarged spleen occurs also because of certain liver diseases, such as cirrhosis. Furthermore, since the spleen is a part of the lymphatic system of the body, every problem of lymphatic system may cause swollen spleen; for instance, lymphoma, a kind of cancer that affects lymph tissues, may be one of the causes.
What does enlarged spleen mean?
An enlarged spleen, known formally as splenomegaly, is a medical condition in which a person or animal’s spleen increases in size due to some sort of inflammation or other problem. The swelling doesn’t usually cause any immediate symptoms or pain, and as such people aren’t usually aware of what’s going on.
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