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How many generations of the Ford Bronco are there?

How many generations of the Ford Bronco are there?

The Ford Bronco is a model line of SUVs manufactured and marketed by Ford. The first sport-utility vehicle developed by the company, five generations of the Bronco were sold from the 1966 to 1996 model years; a sixth generation of the model line is an upcoming vehicle to be sold for the 2021 model year.

When did the Bronco XLT Sport package come out?

Introduced for 1995, the XLT Sport package merged a premium vibe with the SUV’s legendary rugged edge. Eye-catching accents included a monochromatic paint scheme with body-color bumpers, grille and cab steps.

When did the Ford Bronco Sport become an option?

For 1970, the Bronco Sport became a freestanding model rather than an option package. For 1972, in line with the F-Series trucks, the Ranger trim became the top-of-the-line Bronco, offering body stripes, model-specific wheel covers, cloth seats, woodgrain door panels, and carpeted interior.

What was the wheelbase of the Ford Bronco?

Along with the foot-longer wheelbase over the previous generation, the body length grew about 28-inches and the width about 10-inches. The fullsize Bronco was born. The Bronco had a removable top and forward folding rear bench seat, similar to the competing Blazer.

Introduced for 1995, the XLT Sport package merged a premium vibe with the SUV’s legendary rugged edge. Eye-catching accents included a monochromatic paint scheme with body-color bumpers, grille and cab steps.

The Ford Bronco is a model line of SUVs manufactured and marketed by Ford. The first sport-utility vehicle developed by the company, five generations of the Bronco were sold from the 1966 to 1996 model years; a sixth generation of the model line is an upcoming vehicle to be sold for the 2021 model year.

For 1970, the Bronco Sport became a freestanding model rather than an option package. For 1972, in line with the F-Series trucks, the Ranger trim became the top-of-the-line Bronco, offering body stripes, model-specific wheel covers, cloth seats, woodgrain door panels, and carpeted interior.

What was the value of a 1966 Ford Bronco?

1966 Ford Bronco Ford Average #3-condition (Good) value: $40,100 While the first-generation Bronco was not the first sport utility vehicle of its type, it more than upped the ante.

When did Ford stop using the 351M engine?

The year 1977 brought another set of changes to the 351M/400 engines. A new bread of trucks were about to hit the market: The new full-size Bronco. Ford decided to continue to use the 351M as the standard engine in the F-150, 250, and 350 4×4 trucks and to use it as the standard engine in the new Bronco.

What kind of engine does a Ford Bronco have?

A new bread of trucks were about to hit the market: The new full-size Bronco. Ford decided to continue to use the 351M as the standard engine in the F-150, 250, and 350 4×4 trucks and to use it as the standard engine in the new Bronco. Ford also decided to use the 400 as an option in both the F-Series 4x4s and Bronco as well.

What was the top of the line Ford Bronco in 1978?

The Bronco Custom served as the standard-trim model with the Bronco Ranger XLT as the top-level trim. For 1978, as with the F-Series trucks, Customs were fitted with round headlamps while Ranger XLTs had rectangular units, which became standard for all Broncos for 1979.

1972 classic silver Ford Bronco. | Revamped new Suspension + Lift Kit | Engine rebuild with ford racing pistons | 35′ BFG tires (Rear extra tire currently off of the Bronco can put it back on!!) More Info › This 1968 Ford Bronco Half-cab for sale is powered by a 351 Windsor.

Where can I buy a 1995 Ford Bronco?

1995 Ford Bronco XLT 4×4 5.8L – 250k miles on the chasis / 40k Worldwide Vintage Autos is one of the largest classic automobile consignment dealerships in the wor FRESH INVENTORY! This beautiful classic Bronco is fresh in from a local consignor who was the origi

When did the Ford Bronco 2 nd come out?

Information on this page was sourced from “Ford Bronco: A History of Ford’s Legendary 4×4” by Todd Zuercher. Following its successful debut, Bronco sales reached record levels after the launch of the 2 nd generation Bronco in 1978.

How big is a 351 cubic inch engine?

Before the Windsor arrived, the first 351 cubic inch engine found in the Ford F-series was based on the Ford M-block, destroked from a 400 block to make 351 cubic inches.

What kind of engine does a 1990 Ford Bronco have?

1990 Ford Bronco Custom | 302, V8, 5.0 liter engine | This SUV is made for both the beach and the mountain. | All electrical works including the rear window switch. | Driveline/engine/transmission… More Info › Worldwide Vintage Autos is one of the largest classic automobile consignment dealerships in the world.

Why was the Ford Bronco redesigned in 1974?

Initially slated for introduction during the 1974 model year, the redesign (codenamed Shorthorn) was delayed because of the 1973/74 oil embargo and resulting economic downturn. The 1978 Bronco was entirely redesigned to offer the 4×4 market a tremendous off-road vehicle with equal highway performance.

What was the original code name for the Ford Bronco?

G.O.A.T. was the original internal code name for the ’66 Bronco project at Ford. The new Bronco lives up to this original idea as the archetype of an agile, sports-oriented offroad 4×4 – with all the capability and durability it takes to endure Bronco Built Wild™ Extreme Testing measures.

What was the Ford Bronco like in 1980?

In 1980 Ford redesigned the Bronco and sales quadrupled compared to the early Bronco. The 1980 to 1996 Bronco had a longer wheelbase, a lot more storage room and 4WD. Standard equipment for the Broncos came off the assembly line with a 300-cid six-cylinder with a manual transmission. You could also choose a 5.0L or 5.8L V8.

Where to buy 1980 to 1996 Ford Bronco parts?

Bronco Graveyard has thousands of new aftermarket parts for every Ford Bronco made. We have a huge inventory of 1980 to 1996 Bronco parts. Whether you need a Bronco lift kit, 1980 to 1996 Bronco body parts or weatherstripping! Visit one of the categories below to begin.

What kind of front axle does a Ford Bronco have?

Ford Bronco II’s came with a reverse cut Dana 28 TTB (Twin Traction Beam) 4WD front axle from 1984-1989. Bronco II’s built after 11/1989 came with the larger Dana 35 TTB.

What kind of transmission did Ford Bronco have?

The automatic transmission was an available option for the 1980 to 1996 Broncos although a manual transmission was what came standard. Power is transferred to the independent front TTB Dana 44 and solid rear 9 inch or 8.8 inch axle through a manual shift transfer case and later an electronic shift transfer case.

What was the size of a 1980 Ford Bronco?

Bronco dimensions for 1980 were reduced by 2.7 inches in length and 1.1 inches in width. Body was heavily restyled with cleaner lines and new grille. 1981: Changes included a 4 spd overdrive manual trans with a .71 4th gear The 4 spd with granny first was still available.

Can you remove the top of a 1992 Chevy Bronco?

For the 1992 model, the Bronco was updated, along with the F-series pickups. Information on how to remove the top was no longer listed in the owners manual, but the top could still be unbolted and removed. They installed Torx security bolts to secure the top to the body and discouraged owners from removing them.

When did Ford stop making the Bronco half cab?

After 1972, the Bronco half-cab was withdrawn; along with its lower sales compared to the wagon, Ford had introduced the larger Ford Courier compact pickup. In a minor revision, for 1977, the exterior-mounted fuel tank caps were replaced behind hinged doors (as on all other Ford trucks).

When was the last year Ford Bronco was made?

Late Model (1978-1996) Ford Bronco History. Welcome to the web site dedicated to the full size Bronco. The full size Bronco was manufactured from model years 1978-1996. Sadly it has been discontinued, but with almost 20 years production, there are plenty of Mild to Wild Broncos on and OFF the road.

What kind of engine does a 1992 Ford Bronco have?

1992 Ford Bronco Luxury Wide-Body Pre-Runner | Currently getting a Gen 2 Coyote engine swap with a 6R80 6 speed automatic transmission with F-150 transfer case, | Plus a new twin turbo kit (a $12,… More Info ›

What kind of transmission does a Ford Bronco have?

To lower production costs, at its launch, the Bronco was offered solely with a three-speed, column-shifted manual transmission and floor-mounted transfer case shifter (with a floor-mounted transmission shifter later becoming a popular modification). In 1973, in response to buyer demand, a three-speed automatic transmission was offered as an option.

Can a Ford Bronco be a daily driver?

Using a well-executed pre-owned build, we transform this Bronco into a modernized daily driver with premium features. Award-winning Bronco builds with the latest state-of-the-art automotive technology. A completely remastered & rebuilt Ford Bronco for daily driving, and making memories with family and friends.

What was the name of the 1987 Ford Bronco?

On the engineering side, new powertrain and safety updates took center stage. Affectionately known in enthusiast circles as the “brick nose,” the 1987 Bronco boasted a more aerodynamic silhouette than its “bull nose” predecessors.

A revamped interior featured rounded surfaces in the dashboard, instrument cluster and climate controls. Generation 4 saw a bevy of powertrain advancements, from engine to transmission. The 300 six and 351W 5.8L V8 engines were paired with electronic fuel injection in the 1987-88 model years.

When was the 25th anniversary of the Ford Bronco?

The 1991 model year saw the introduction of two new trim packages for Bronco owners, each catering to unique demographics in the decade. It was the 25 th anniversary of Bronco which Ford celebrated with offering a limited-production model called the Silver Anniversary Edition. On the opposite side of the spectrum was the Nite Edition Bronco.

What kind of engine does a 1993 Ford Bronco have?

1993 Bronco. Four-wheel ABS was installed in ’93, replacing a 2-wheel setup. The 5.0-liter V8, at 185 horsepower, became standard. This year, the regular XLT got a monochromatic exterior (but black was not the only color offered).

On the engineering side, new powertrain and safety updates took center stage. Affectionately known in enthusiast circles as the “brick nose,” the 1987 Bronco boasted a more aerodynamic silhouette than its “bull nose” predecessors.

The 1991 model year saw the introduction of two new trim packages for Bronco owners, each catering to unique demographics in the decade. It was the 25 th anniversary of Bronco which Ford celebrated with offering a limited-production model called the Silver Anniversary Edition. On the opposite side of the spectrum was the Nite Edition Bronco.

What was the weight of a Ford Bronco?

It could also haul as much as 7800 pounds. Essentially a Ford F-Series pickup truck with expanded passenger area and fiberglass rear-roof section, Broncos came only in a 2-door body style, with a 2-way tailgate. Antilock rear braking was standard by the late 1980s, operating only in 2WD.

Where does the Ford Bronco II come from?

The Bronco II was assembled in the Louisville Assembly Plant in Louisville, Kentucky alongside the Ford Ranger. For the 1991 model year, the Ford Explorer was introduced, shifting the Ranger-based SUV into the mid-size segment; both three-door and five-door versions were produced.

When did the Ford Bronco go to 4 wheel drive?

All Bronco IIs were four-wheel drive until 1986 when the rear-wheel-drive layout became standard. For the 1989 model year, the Bronco II was restyled alongside the Ranger. The exterior featured new front bodywork with new a new hood, front fenders, and a closer-fitting front bumper.

When did the Chevy Bronco get an engine upgrade?

Generation 3 models also got an exterior design overhaul, sporting a new, more aerodynamic bodystyle. The last major fuel economy-lowering update came in 1985, when a 4-speed automatic OD transmission was introduced along with fuel injection for the 302.

How many horsepower does a 1985 Ford Bronco have?

1985 Ford Bronco 5.8L HO V-8 automatic (156.5 kW / 213 PS / 210 hp) (since mid-year 1984 for North America Australia U.S.) specs review. .

What kind of truck was the Ford Bronco in 1980?

1980 Ford Bron. Broncos and F-Series pickups got a new face for 1980, and pickup trucks continued to offer both Styleside and Flareside beds. 1980 Ford Ranger. Bronco and F-Series four-wheel-drive truck models adopted Twin-Traction Beam independent front suspension for 1980.

Generation 3 models also got an exterior design overhaul, sporting a new, more aerodynamic bodystyle. The last major fuel economy-lowering update came in 1985, when a 4-speed automatic OD transmission was introduced along with fuel injection for the 302.

When did the Ford Bronco get electronic fuel injection?

Ford’s 302 V-8 led the charge into a new era of engine induction with the introduction of electronic fuel injection for the 1985 model year as the age of the carburetor was rapidly drawing to a close. 3rd Generation Bronco made life on the trail a little easier with a variety of new amenities.

When did the Ford Bronco get the aero body?

Since the F-series trucks provided the basis for the Bronco, its evolution became tied to the popular Ford pickups. When Ford updated the F-series pickup in 1987, the Bronco came along for the ride. In addition to gaining the popular aero body style, the Bronco also was upgraded with electronic fuel injection.

When did the first Ford Bronco come out?

First-Generation Bronco: 1966-1977 Debuting in 1966, the compact, two-door Bronco competed with the Jeep CJ-5 and International Harvester Scout as the beginnings of what would become a wave of mainstream sport utility vehicles. The Bronco came with part-time four-wheel drive and was offered in hardtop, convertible, and pickup body styles.

What kind of engine does a 1996 Ford Bronco have?

For Sale by Classic Car Deals – Cadillac, Michigan Exterior Color: Black/Opal – 351 – Automatic – 4WD – 1996 Ford Bronco with 1998 Cummins 12 valve motor. All of the Ford components were used, like A/C and charging system.

Where was the 1996 Ford Bronco last serviced?

1st owner drove an estimated 0 miles/year • 2nd owner drove an estimated 0 miles/year • 3rd owner drove an estimated 4,362 miles/year • 4th owner drove an estimated 0 miles/year • 5th owner drove an estimated 0 miles/year. Last serviced at 101,011 miles in Mountain Home, AR on 03/13/06 • Vehicle serviced. Accident reported: minor damage.

To lower production costs, at its launch, the Bronco was offered solely with a three-speed, column-shifted manual transmission and floor-mounted transfer case shifter (with a floor-mounted transmission shifter later becoming a popular modification). In 1973, in response to buyer demand, a three-speed automatic transmission was offered as an option.

Can you replace the transmission on a Ford Bronco?

Instead, replace your Ford Bronco automatic transmission parts with premium ones from AutoZone today. If you’ve been feeling your gears start to slip out of place when you’re cruising down the freeway, it’s time to look into a Bronco automatic transmission repair from AutoZone.

What kind of transmission does a Bronco C3 have?

The C3 was modified into the A4LD 4-speed automatic by adding an overdrive gear, which the C3 lacked. This was the first Ford automatic to use an EEC-controlled torque converter lock-up clutch. Electronic shift control for the 3–4 shift was later added, another first, though other gears remained hydraulic.

When was electronic shift control added to Bronco Corral?

Electronic shift control for the 3–4 shift was later added, another first, though other gears remained hydraulic. It was replaced by the 4R44E and 4R55E in 1995. The A4LD is a weak transmission, and is known to fail in offroading (4×4) applications.

What are the gear ratios on a Ford Bronco?

Ford Bronco II Transmissions Automatics Trans Code Year Used Gear Ratios C5 W 1984 1st: 2.46 2nd: 1.46 3rd: 1.00 A4LD T 1985-1990 1st: 2.47 2nd: 1.47 3rd: 1.00 4th: 0.75 Manuals Trans Code Year Used Gear Ratios Toyo Koygo TK4 X 1984 1st: 3.96 2nd: 2.08 3rd: 1.39 4th: 1.00

When did the Ford Bronco Sport become freestanding?

For 1970, the Bronco Sport became a freestanding model rather than an option package. To comply with federal regulations, the Bronco was fitted with backup lights and side marker lamps (in 1967 and 1968, respectively).

What was the paint code for Ford in 1983?

Ford Group Interior Color for 1983 COLOUR MFG. PAINT CODE DuPont® Code USE Ford Medium Red 19D/35D D8303 Ford, Mercury and Thunderbird Ford Mulberry 20F D8311 Lincoln Ford French Vanilla 27L C8231 Ford, Lincoln and Mercury Ford Vaquero 31F 45795 Ford and Mercury

The Bronco Custom served as the standard-trim model with the Bronco Ranger XLT as the top-level trim. For 1978, as with the F-Series trucks, Customs were fitted with round headlamps while Ranger XLTs had rectangular units, which became standard for all Broncos for 1979.

When did the Ford Bronco get an eighth generation?

For the 1987 model year, coinciding with the introduction of the eighth-generation Ford F-Series, the Bronco was given a similar update. While the shortened F-150 platform introduced in 1980 saw changes, the 1987–1991 Bronco was given a number of updates to both the exterior and interior.

After 1972, the Bronco half-cab was withdrawn; along with its lower sales compared to the wagon, Ford had introduced the larger Ford Courier compact pickup. In a minor revision, for 1977, the exterior-mounted fuel tank caps were replaced behind hinged doors (as on all other Ford trucks).

For 1970, the Bronco Sport became a freestanding model rather than an option package. To comply with federal regulations, the Bronco was fitted with backup lights and side marker lamps (in 1967 and 1968, respectively).

Why was the Ford Bronco II discontinued in 1995?

This compact SUV used the Ford Ranger as its base in much the same way that the Bronco used the F-series as its basis. The Bronco II was discontinued within six years due to safety concerns. Due to its proportions and weight, the Bronco II would roll over for just no reason at all. By 1995 Ford had lost 113 million dollars to settle 334 lawsuits.

Is it worth buying an antique Ford Bronco?

An antique Bronco wasn’t designed to be a worry-free daily driver by today’s standards, and likely won’t be without a six-figure investment.

When did the Ford Bronco come out in Australia?

Outside of the US, the third generation Bronco was also assembled in Australia by Ford Australia, utilizing locally produced 4.1-litre six-cylinder and 5.8-litre V8 engines. It was marketed in Australia from March 1981 through to 1987. Fourth generation (1987)

How old is a first generation Bronco car?

As a result, there will be more surprises to overcome when maintaining or upgrading your classic Bronco. First-generation Broncos were designed over 50 years ago and built with parts that are now over 40-years-old. Cars and trucks made half-a-century ago weren’t built for the way we use vehicles today.

What to consider when buying a classic Ford Bronco?

Before you buy one, here are eight things you need to consider when planning to buy a classic Ford Bronco: Money seems to spend faster on a classic car. Not only will repairs and upgrades be more expensive, but the quality and condition of an early Bronco will also be different than the modern vehicle you drive each day.

This compact SUV used the Ford Ranger as its base in much the same way that the Bronco used the F-series as its basis. The Bronco II was discontinued within six years due to safety concerns. Due to its proportions and weight, the Bronco II would roll over for just no reason at all. By 1995 Ford had lost 113 million dollars to settle 334 lawsuits.

What was the difference between the second and third generation Ford Bronco?

Ford addressed the concerns of the public quickly and ditched the second generation Ford Bronco in favor of a slightly smaller and lighter Bronco. Though the third generation of Ford Bronco was smaller than the second generation, they kept it as a full-size SUV.

Are there any problems with the Ford Bronco II?

Stability problems with Bronco II were noted during the design phase, as well as in the verification tests by 1981. For example, the J-turn test was canceled during the testing procedures by Ford officials “out of fear of killing or injuring one of its own drivers.”

The 1986 model year introduced the 140 hp (104 kW) fuel injected 2.9 L Cologne V6 engine. A Mitsubishi 4-cylinder 2.3 L turbodiesel was optional during the 1986 model year; however it delivered poor performance and had low sales.

What was the problem with the Ford Bronco II?

Engineers suggested changes to increase stability, but execs declined. They decided delays to Bronco II’s launch were unacceptable. Suddenly, most of the information (53 reports) collected by Ford’s legal department (which documented the stability issues) vanished, with the automaker blaming it on “an unusual document handling procedure.”

What kind of car is the Ford Bronco?

The Bronco II was a compact SUV marketed on the long-term brand recognition of the Bronco. But only a few years into its production run, the Bronco II had established an infamous reputation all its own — and eventually proved one of the most costly models Ford ever created.

When did the Ford Bronco 2.8 come out?

The 2.8 used a carburetor and was available only in ’84 and ’85; replaced by the 2.9 for 1986. Through its run, a total of seven different transmissions were used — a list that included four- and five-speed units from Mazda, two five-speeds from Mitsubishi, and three- and four-speed automatics made by Ford.

What does the Ford Bronco Sport look like?

The square-cut exterior gives the Bronco Sport a unique look, and from behind the wheel, it feels bigger than it is; that’s a good thing in terms of headroom, outward visibility and the rugged appeal that comes with driving a traditionally styled SUV.

What kind of body did the Ford Bronco have?

Fiberglass body parts can provide a permanent solution to this chronic problem, as well as add a touch of flair. In 78 Ford decided to enlarge the Bronco to meet public demand. The 78 Bronco design closely followed the 78, F-150.

What is the VIN number on a 1974 Ford Bronco?

I have also seen a white tag inside the drivers door well on 1974 models that had VIN number info displayed. The VIN consists of a 11 alpha-numerical sequence that can be broken down into 4 separate categories, Series Identification, Engine Codes, Assembly Plant and Production Sequence

What was the interior color of a 1967 Ford Bronco?

The interior was a silver-grey color, including the seats and the sun visors. The inner door panels and the dash board were painted a gray color. There was a black vinyl mat in the front of the vehicle. The door and the window crank handles, along with the seats were all changed in 1967.

The Ford Bronco is a model line of sport utility vehicles manufactured and marketed by Ford. The first SUV model developed by the company, five generations of the Bronco were sold from the 1966 to 1996 model years; a sixth generation of the model line is an upcoming vehicle to be sold for the 2021 model year.

When did the Ford Bronco stop being made?

The Ford Bronco was withdrawn from the Ford light-truck model line following declining demand for two-door SUVs. For the 1997 model year, Ford replaced the Bronco with the Ford Expedition, a four-door SUV based on the F-150 (the later Ford Excursion was based on the Ford F-250 Super Duty).

What kind of hardtop does a Ford Bronco have?

Outside, Wildtrak ™ comes with a standard hardtop on 2- and 4-door models, black grille, black wheels and unique hood graphics. Developed and tested in legendary racing locations like Johnson Valley, California, Bronco ™ Wildtrak sets a new bar for capability among rugged, off-road utilities.

Is the Ford Bronco a 4×4 SUV?

The Ford Bronco is back by popular demand. The iconic SUV was one of the world’s leading 4×4 vehicles for three decades, from the mid-sixties until the mid-nineties. This new generation Bronco boasts the latest in smart technology and a bold new look while remaining true to its rugged roots. More information to come.

What kind of engine does a 1994 Bronco have?

1994 Bronco XLT 139,000 miles 4×4 Automatic transmission V8 fully loaded power windows power door locks power mirrors tilt wheel cruise control air-conditioning rear power window everything works v… More Info › CLEAN VEHICLE HISTORY ON THIS RUST FREE BEAUTIFUL 1994 FORD BRONCO 4X4.

Where was the 1994 Ford Bronco last serviced?

No accident or damage reported to CARFAX. Purchased on 07/15/94 and owned in NC until 05/31/19. Driven an estimated 5,356 miles/year. Last serviced at 130,957 miles in Thomasville, NC on 10/20/16 • V…

When does the new Ford Bronco come out?

Introducing the new 2021 Ford® Bronco. Leveraging the soul and design DNA of the 1st generation, today’s Bronco delivers on the Bronco promise of capability, durability, and 55 years of off-road credibility. Take a look here!

What kind of truck is the Ford Bronco?

THIS TRUCK IS SO NICE FORD MOTOR COMPANY USED IT FOR THE LAUNCH OF THE NEW BRONCO. WESTERN VEHICLE, VERY WELL MAINTAINED.

What kind of powertrain does a Ford Bronco have?

The first Bronco was assembled using its own chassis, while the full-sized Bronco was derived from the Ford F-Series (F-100, later F-150) pickup truck; all Broncos were produced with four-wheel drive powertrains. The Ford Bronco was withdrawn from the Ford light-truck model line following declining demand for two-door SUVs.

Why is the Ford 302 called a 5.0 liter?

Since the Ford 300 inline six already used the 4.9L emblem Ford decided to call the 302 a 5.0 liter to avoid any confusion. Plus telling someone that you have a 5.0 liter engine just sounds cooler than telling them you have a 4.9 liter.

The first Bronco was assembled using its own chassis, while the full-sized Bronco was derived from the Ford F-Series (F-100, later F-150) pickup truck; all Broncos were produced with four-wheel drive powertrains. The Ford Bronco was withdrawn from the Ford light-truck model line following declining demand for two-door SUVs.

How much does it cost to get a Coyote engine in a Bronco?

If you are going to go hunting for a Coyote in a junkyard, expect to pay around $2,800-$5,000 for an F-150 Coyote engine and around $5,000-$9,000 for a Mustang sourced one. In order to get this engine to behave nicely with your Bronco, you will need to purchase the Ford Performance Engine Control Pack.

When was the first Coyote Ford Bronco made?

Coyote Swapping a Classic Bronco Broncos debuted in 1966 with a ton of potential and an inline-six engine. By the end of the Bronco’s first generation, it was only available with a V8. The nimble off-roader benefited from a little extra oomph.


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Ruth Doyle