What is principle of binding theory?
What is principle of binding theory?
The Binding Principles: Principle A: An anaphor must be bound in its binding domain. Principle B: A pronoun must be free in its binding domain. Principle C: An R-expressions must be free.
What is government theory in linguistics?
Government–Binding theory is an approach to the study of the syntax of human languages based on an abstract underlying representation and transformations successively altering that structure.
What is an anaphor syntax?
In linguistics, anaphora (/əˈnæfərə/) is the use of an expression whose interpretation depends upon another expression in context (its antecedent or postcedent). For example, in the sentence Sally arrived, but nobody saw her, the pronoun her is an anaphor, referring back to the antecedent Sally.
What is government syntax?
In grammar and theoretical linguistics, government or rection refers to the relationship between a word and its dependents.
What are the three components of binding theory with examples of each component?
Binding theory is typically stated in terms of con- ditions that refer to three key aspects: the class of nominal involved, the syntactic region that constitu- tes the domain of binding, and a structural condition on the syntactic relation between a nominal and its potential binder.
What does binding mean in government?
The name refers to two central subtheories of the theory: government, which is an abstract syntactic relation applicable, among other things, to the assignment of case; and binding, which deals chiefly with the relationships between pronouns and the expressions with which they are co-referential.
What is cataphora and examples?
Cataphora is a type of anaphora, although the terms anaphora and anaphor are sometimes used in a stricter sense, denoting only cases where the order of the expressions is the reverse of that found in cataphora. An example of cataphora in English is the following sentence: When he arrived home, John went to sleep.
What is antecedent and Postcedent?
Postcedents. The ante- in antecedent means ‘before, in front of’. Thus when a proform precedes its antecedent, the antecedent is technically not an antecedent, but rather it is a postcedent, post- meaning ‘after, behind’.
Is governor a direct object?
n. A noun, adjective, or pronoun serving as a complement to a verb and qualifying its direct object, as governor in They elected him governor.
What is Theta theory in linguistics?
In government and binding theory the theta criterion states that in any grammatical sentence each argument must be assigned to one theta role and each theta role must be realized by some argument. Consequently in a grammatical sentence all predicates, meaning verbs, have a thematic structure.
What does to bind mean?
Definition of bind 1a : to make secure by tying His hands were bound with rope. b : to confine, restrain, or restrict as if with bonds … she was not wholly bound in mind by her middle-class existence— Delmore Schwartz. c : to put under an obligation binds himself with an oath.
What is binding in English language?
In linguistics, binding is the phenomenon in which anaphoric elements such as pronouns are grammatically associated with their antecedents. Binding can be licensed or blocked in certain contexts or syntactic configurations, e.g. the pronoun “her” cannot be bound by “Mary” in the English sentence “Mary saw her”.
How to use binding theory in a sentence?
Binding Theory Consider a pair of sentences like the following: (1) John criticized himself. (2) John criticized him. In (1), the word himselfhas to refer to John; this sentence means that the person that John criticized was John. In (2), on the other hand, himcan’trefer to John.
What are the different types of binding phrases?
For the purposes of binding theory, it is useful to distinguish several types of noun phrases: full noun phrases ( the question, the student that asked the question, and so on), ordinary pronouns ( I, you, they, and so on), reflexive pronouns ( myself, yourself, themselves, and so on) and the reciprocal pronoun each other.
Is there a second approach to the binding theory?
The second approach, due to Chomsky 1981, was proposed on the basis of English and does not cover the full range of Norwegian facts. However, it includes an important condition on the distribution of ordinary noun phrases that is missing from Hellan’s binding theory.
What is the study of facts like in binding theory?
Binding theoryis the study of facts like the ones in (1-3). When we’re studying facts like these, the standard way of annotating the patterns of possible coreference is with subscripts, like so: (1)’ Johnicriticized himselfi/*j (2)’ Johnicriticized him*i/j
