What general chromosomal mutation did colchicine induce?
What general chromosomal mutation did colchicine induce?
As microtubules function in chromosome segregation, colchicine induces polyploidy by preventing the segregation of chromosomes during meiosis that results into half of the gametes (sex cells) containing double the chromosome number than usual.
Why do plant breeders use colchicine?
Colchicine is a toxic chemical that is often used to induce polyploidy in plants. Basically, the colchicine prevents the microtubule formation during cell division, thus the chromosomes do not pull apart like they normally do.
Is colchicine from a plant?
Colchicine is one of the oldest remedies still in use today. It is derived from the bulb-like corms of the Colchicum autumnale plant, also known as autumn crocus. Its history as an herbal remedy for joint pain goes back at least to the 1500 BCE Egyptian manuscript, the Ebers Papyrus (Figure 1).
Is colchicine used for gout?
About colchicine Colchicine is a medicine for treating inflammation and pain. It can be used to: treat flare-ups (attacks) of gout. prevent increased flare-ups of gout when you first start on a medicine like allopurinol – taken to manage your condition long term.
How does colchicine cause polyploidy?
What are the causes of chromosomal aberrations?
Chromosome abnormalities often happen due to one or more of these: Errors during dividing of sex cells (meiosis)…Teratogens include:
- Some medicines.
- Street drugs.
- Alcohol.
- Tobacco.
- Toxic chemicals.
- Some viruses and bacteria.
- Some kinds of radiation.
- Certain health conditions, such as uncontrolled diabetes.
What is the function of colchicine treatment?
Colchicine is used to prevent gout attacks (sudden, severe pain in one or more joints caused by abnormally high levels of a substance called uric acid in the blood) in adults. Colchicine (Colcrys) is also used to relieve the pain of gout attacks when they occur.
What chemical induces polyploidy in plants?
Polyploidy in crop plants is most commonly induced by treating seeds with the chemical colchicine.
How is polyploidy induced?
Polyploidy can be artificially induced through interspecific hybridization, in vitro endosperm culture or somatic cell doubling through colchicine [21]. However, in many crops, a large number polyploid plants have been induced. They do not usually exhibit higher yield as compared to their diploid parents.
What is the most common cause of chromosomal abnormalities?
A chromosomal abnormality occurs when a child inherits too many or two few chromosomes. The most common cause of chromosomal abnormalities is the age of the mother. As the mother ages, the ovum is more likely to suffer abnormalities due to longer term exposure to environmental factors.
What are some of the triggers for gout?
According to many studies, that obesity is also a major trigger for gout-related diseases. When you are obese, the fatty tissues inside the body helps in stimulating the increased production of uric acid in your body. This increased levels of uric acid makes the kidney difficult to release all those uric acid.
How does genetics affect the inheritance of gout?
The inheritance pattern of gout is unclear because many genetic and environmental factors appear to be involved. However, having a close relative with gout likely increases a person’s risk of developing the condition. Dalbeth N, Merriman TR, Stamp LK. Gout. Lancet. 2016 Oct 22;388 (10055):2039-2052. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736 (16)00346-9.
Where does gout occur in the human body?
Causes and risk factors for gout. Gout is caused by the precipitation of urate crystals in body tissues. It usually occurs in or around joints and results in a painful type of arthritis. The urate crystals deposit in tissues when there is too much uric acid in the blood (hyperuricemia).
What causes severe pain in the joints when you have gout?
One of the major sources for higher levels of production of uric acid is either through dietary sources or through the increase in the synthesis of uric acid in the human body itself. When the crystals form a deposit over the joints, it causes severe to extreme pain in the affected area. Suggested article: What Is Gout?
