What are Extraglomerular cells?
What are Extraglomerular cells?
Extraglomerular mesangial cells (also known as Lacis cells, Polkissen cells, or Goormaghtigh cells) are light-staining pericytes in the kidney found outside the glomerulus, near the vascular pole.
What is Juxtaglomerular?
The juxtaglomerular apparatus (also known as the juxtaglomerular complex) is a structure in the kidney that regulates the function of each nephron, the functional units of the kidney. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is named because it is next to (juxta-) the glomerulus.
What is the Mesangium?
The Mesangium: Cells and Matrix. The mesangium with its associated cells and matrix is an arborizing structure that supports the glomerular capillary loops but is continuous with the JGA that lies at the junction of the afferent and efferent arterioles and the macula densa of the distal tubule.
What is Extraglomerular mesangial?
Function of the Juxtaglomerular Apparatus The extraglomerular mesangial (EGM) cells (Goormaghtigh or lacis cells are synonyms) are the cells of the JGA that have the most intimate and regular contact with the MD (77). The extraglomerular mesangial cell field is free of capillaries, lymph terminals, or nerve fibers.
Where are Extraglomerular mesangial cells found?
Intraglomerular mesangial cells are located between capillaries within the glomerulus, while extraglomerular mesangial cells are located between the macula densa and the afferent arteriole. They are electrically and chemically coupled via gap junctions.
What is the afferent arteriole?
The afferent arterioles are a group of blood vessels that supply the nephrons in many excretory systems. They play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure as a part of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism. The afferent arterioles branch from the renal artery, which supplies blood to the kidneys.
What does macula densa sense?
Macula densa cells sense changes in sodium chloride level, and will trigger an autoregulatory response to increase or decrease reabsorption of ions and water to the blood (as needed) in order to alter blood volume and return blood pressure to normal.
What is a podocytes?
Podocytes are specialized epithelial cells that cover the outer surfaces of glomerular capillaries. Unique cell junctions, known as slit diaphragms, which feature nephrin and Neph family proteins in addition to components of adherens, tight, and gap junctions, connect adjacent podocyte foot processes.
What is GBM in kidney?
The glomerular basement membrane is a part of the kidneys that helps filter waste and extra fluid from the blood. Antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies are antibodies against this membrane.
What do JG cells secrete?
renin
The juxtaglomerular cells secrete renin, and as specialised smooth muscle cells surrounding the afferent arteriole also have the capacity to affect the perfusion of the glomerulus.
What do Juxtaglomerular cells monitor?
These cells do two things: They monitor blood pressure, by measuring how much the arteriole wall is stretched. They monitor the concentration of sodium and chloride ions in the filtrate of the macula densa.
What does Vasa recta mean?
Medical Definition of vasa recta 1 : numerous small vessels that arise from the terminal branches of arteries supplying the intestine, encircle the intestine, and divide into more branches between its layers.
