What type of stimulation causes the withdrawal response in the Aplysia?
What type of stimulation causes the withdrawal response in the Aplysia?
Aplysia exhibits a reflexive withdrawal of its gill and siphon in response to weak or moderate tactile stimulation of its skin. Repeated tactile stimulation causes this defensive withdrawal reflex to habituate.
What neurotransmitter is released by the interneuron during sensitization?
neurotransmitter serotonin
The tail shock that evokes sensitization activates additional sensory neurons that innervate the tail. These sensory neurons in turn excite interneurons that release the neurotransmitter serotonin onto the presynaptic terminals of the sensory neurons of the siphon (see Figure 25.2A).
What is the difference between a neuron and an interneuron?
As nouns the difference between neuron and interneuron is that neuron is (cytology) a cell of the nervous system, which conducts nerve impulses; consisting of an axon and several dendrites neurons are connected by synapses while interneuron is (anatomy) a multipolar neuron that connects afferent and efferent neurons.
What is presynaptic facilitation?
An increase in the effect of a presynaptic neuron on a postsynaptic neuron caused by a third neuron that makes an axoaxonic synapse with the presynaptic neuron near its terminal bouton.
How does sensitization occur in Aplysia?
Habituation in Aplysia californica occurs when a stimulus is repeatedly presented to an animal and there is a progressive decrease in response to that particular stimulus. Sensitization in Aplysia californica is the increase of a response due to the presentation of a novel, often noxious, stimulus.
What is one advantage of Aplysia for studies on the physiology of learning?
What is a major advantage of Aplysia for studies on the physiology of learning? there is great similarity of nervous system anatomy from one individual to another. You just studied 44 terms!
What happens to neurons during habituation and sensitization?
Habituation and sensitization work in different ways neurologically. During habituation, fewer neurotransmitters are released at the synapse. In sensitization, however, there are more pre-synaptic neurotransmitters, and the neuron itself is more excitable.
What is the function of the interneurons?
Interneurons make up > 99% of all the neurons in the body. The primary function of interneurons is integration. They carry sensory information and regulate motor activity. More interneurons are activated when a response to stimuli is required to be complex.
What is the role of interneurons relay neurons?
Relay interneurons have long axons and connect circuits of neurons in one region of the brain with those in other regions. The interaction between interneurons allows the brain to perform complex functions such as learning, and decision-making.
What is presynaptic facilitation and inhibition?
This phenomenon is called presynaptic inhibition, because cell M1 regulates the ability of the presynaptic cell to release transmitter. Less Ca2+ influx leads to less transmitter release and a smaller EPSP. The phenomenon complementary to presynaptic inhibition is presynaptic facilitation.
What is Aplysia in psychology?
n. a genus of molluscs that have a very simple nervous system and are often used to study neurophysiology, especially the neurophysiology of learning and memory. [ initially studied by Austrian-born U.S. neuroscientist Eric Kandel (1929– )]
