What is the purpose of inlet guide vanes?
What is the purpose of inlet guide vanes?
Inlet Guide Vanes (IGVs) and Inlet Butterfly Valves (IBVs) perform an important task—to regulate the airflow and pressure that enters a centrifugal compressor’s first stage of compression. Historically, IBVs had been the industry standard for centrifugal compressors.
How do inlet guide vanes work?
HOW IT WORKS: When throttling back the compressor, the inlet vanes impart a whirling motion to the gas flow in the same direction of rotation as the impeller. This motion reduces work input at the impeller, requiring less power to deliver target flow and pressure.
What is turbine inlet guide vanes?
Fixed or variable vanes, also known as stators, located in front of the first stage of the compressor of a gas turbine engine. These guide vanes direct the air onto the compressor at the correct angle. Also called intake guide vanes.
What is variable inlet guide vanes?
A gas turbine engine in which the angle of the inlet guide vanes can be changed to meet the requirements of the engine-operating conditions. These are normally in front of the first stage of an axial compressor and sometimes in the subsequent stages as well.
What is the purpose of IGV?
The purpose of adjustible inlet guide vanes (IGVs) is to enable the firing and exhaust temperatures to be maintained near the “full load” levels when the gas turbine is operating at “part load” (i.e., less than full load).
What is the use of guide vanes in Francis turbine?
The guide vanes consist of number of blades that can be adjusted in order to increase or reduce the flow rate through the turbine. The vanes are arranged between two parallel covers normal to the turbine shaft. The number of guide vanes has to be different from the number of runner vanes.
What is IGV angle?
The minimum air flow during starting, acceleration (and shutdown) occurs when the IGVs, as measured with a machinists’ protractor against adjacent IGVs are at an angle of approximately 34 degrees.
What are guide vanes?
Guide Vanes are fixed grooves found in turbines that help direct water, gas, or air around bends at maximum efficiency. As Impellers increase or decrease the flow of a substance through a system, Guide Vanes ensure that the substance is passed evenly and as smoothly as possible.
Where are inlet guide vanes located?
Inlet guide vanes may be either fixed or variable. They are usually located ahead of each impeller eye (Fig. 8.31) and are designed to guide the flow of gas efficiently into the eye of the impeller.
How does variable guide vane change its angle?
Variable guide vanes (VGVs) are therefore generally utilized to obtain stability of the compressor over a wide operating range and the stator vanes of VGVs change their angles according to the inlet air-flow, which varies with the engine RPM [1,2].
What is Outlet guide vanes?
The outlet guide vane (OGV) has two different purposes: Forming a structural connection between the main engine carcass and the aircraft attachment point. Steering the flow coming from the low-pressure turbine into the axial outflow, i.e. an aerodynamic objective.
Why are guide vanes important in propeller turbines?
Guide vanes direct the water tangentially to the turbine wheel, known as a runner. This radial flow acts on the runner’s vanes, causing the runner to spin. The guide vanes (or wicket gate) may be adjustable to allow efficient turbine operation for a range of water flow conditions.
When to use a variable inlet guide vane?
By replacing a standard inlet butterfly valve with a new inlet guide vane assembly, substantial energy savings can be realized whenever the compressor operates at less than full load or when ambient air temperature is less than design temperature (usually 95°F, 35°C). Many manufacturers offer this option as a retrofit for existing compressors.
Where are the inlet guide vanes located on an air compressor?
Inlet guide vanes may be either fixed or variable. They are usually located ahead of each impeller eye (Fig. 8.31) and are designed to guide the flow of gas efficiently into the eye of the impeller. Most process compressors use fixed since most vanes usually corrode/foul and jam. Many air compressors use variable on the first stage. Fig. 8.31.
How is the clamping of the guide vanes done?
The variable geometry IGV designed by Atlas Copco have proven to be reliable. The clamping of the guide vanes is done by balancing the gas forces acting on the assembly, and is thus self-adjusting. The turbine shaft serves the function of a pinion shaft of the gearbox, thereby increasing the compactness and sturdiness of the design.
Why are inlet guide vanes not included in VSD retrofits?
Seldom is it the image whomever had in mind when (if) they said that the work associated with the retrofit included disabling the inlet guide vanes as a part of the VSD retrofit. My guess on why this happens is that many of the retrofits were likely the result of a utility incentive program.
