What did Sophie Germain discover?
What did Sophie Germain discover?
Sophie Germain, in full Marie-Sophie Germain, (born April 1, 1776, Paris, France—died June 27, 1831, Paris), French mathematician who contributed notably to the study of acoustics, elasticity, and the theory of numbers.
What is Sophie Germain identity?
An identity named after the famous french mathematician Sophie Germain (1776 – 1831) is a useful tool for math olympians: a^{4} + 4b^{4} = (a^{2}+2b^{2}-2ab)(a^{2}+2b^{2}+2ab). Here’s a problem that is easily solved with Sophie Germain’s identity: Is 2015^{4}+4^{2015} prime?
What is Marie Sophie Germain known for?
Sophie Germain was a revolutionary. She battled against the social prejudices of the era and a lack of formal training in order to become a celebrated mathematician. She is best known for her work in number theory, but her work in the theory of elasticity is also very important to mathematics.
Did Sophie Germain pretend to be a man?
Sophie Germain was a wholly self-taught mathematical genius who began her career pretending to be a man, because the social conventions of her time prevented women from following intellectual careers.
What was Sophie Germain education?
École Polytechnique
Sophie Germain/Education
What is the Sophie Germain identity used for?
She discovered this identity in her explorations related to Fermat’s last theorem and primality testing. The identity is often used to find factors of integers of a certain form, and is common in contest mathematics.
How did Sophie Germain become a mathematician?
She spent a great deal of time in her father’s library, and one day she ran across a book in which the legend of Archimedes’ death was recounted. Sophie began teaching herself mathematics using the books in her father’s library.
Which is a feature of a nonlinearly elastic material?
A nonlinearly elastic material has the following features: (a) U 0is a nonlinear function of strains, (b) all of the deformation is recoverable on removal of loads causing the deformation, and (c) there is no loss of energy (i.e. loading and unloading is along the same stress{strain path; see Fig. 12.2.1).
Where does the geometric nonlinearity in solid mechanics come from?
In solid mechanics, the geometric nonlinearity arises from large strains and/or large rotations, and these enter the formulation through the strain{displacement re- lations as well as the equations of motion. In uid mechanics and coupled uid
How is nonlinearity related to the geometry of a continuum?
(1) Nonlinear- ity due to changes in the geometry or position of the material particles of a continuum, which is called the geometric nonlinearity. (2) Nonlinearity due to the nonlinear material behavior, which is called material nonlinearity.
Which is a special case of hyperelastic elasticity?
In the special case in which the work done by the stresses during a deformation is dependent only on the initial state and the current con\\fguration, the material is called hyperelastic, that is, there exists a strain energy density potential U 0(E ij) such that S ij= @U
Who is the greatest female mathematician of all time?
11 Famous Women Mathematicians
- 1.) Hypatia (370-415 AD)
- 2.) Sophie Germain (1776-1831)
- 3.) Ada Lovelace (1815-1852)
- 4.) Sofia Kovalevskaya (1850-1891)
- 5.) Emmy Noether (1882-1935)
- 6.) Dorothy Vaughn (1910-2008)
- 7.) Katherine Johnson (1918-2020)
- 8.) Julia Robinson (1919-1985)
Who invented zero?
The first modern equivalent of numeral zero comes from a Hindu astronomer and mathematician Brahmagupta in 628. His symbol to depict the numeral was a dot underneath a number.
What is the lady name in mathematics?
However, she hid blankets and candles so that she could study. Her parents eventually relented, and Germain was free to study advanced topics like differential calculus. She even taught herself Latin and Greek so that she could study classic mathematical works.
Did Sophie Germain have siblings?
Marie-Madeline Germain
Angelique-Ambroise Germain
Sophie Germain/Siblings
Who figured out pi?
Archimedes of Syracuse
The first calculation of π was done by Archimedes of Syracuse (287–212 BC), one of the greatest mathematicians of the ancient world.
Who invented maths?
Archimedes is known as the Father of Mathematics. Mathematics is one of the ancient sciences developed in time immemorial….Table of Contents.
| 1. | Who is the Father of Mathematics? |
|---|---|
| 4. | Notable Inventions |
| 5. | Death of the Father of Mathematics |
| 6. | Conclusion |
| 7. | FAQs |
Who invented 1?
Hindu-Arabic numerals, set of 10 symbols—1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0—that represent numbers in the decimal number system. They originated in India in the 6th or 7th century and were introduced to Europe through the writings of Middle Eastern mathematicians, especially al-Khwarizmi and al-Kindi, about the 12th century.
Who invented school?
Horace Mann
Credit for our modern version of the school system usually goes to Horace Mann. When he became Secretary of Education in Massachusetts in 1837, he set forth his vision for a system of professional teachers who would teach students an organized curriculum of basic content.
Who was the first woman to become a mathematician?
Hypatia
No one can know who was the first female mathematician, but Hypatia was certainly one of the earliest. She was the daughter of Theon, the last known member of the famed library of Alexandria, and followed his footsteps in the study of math and astronomy.
Was Sophie Germain married?
It is worth noting that, since Germain was an unmarried woman, there were social difficulties in her meeting with men. Not everyone treated her with the respect she felt she deserved. One case was Jérôme Lalande who visited Germain in 1797.
How old was Mary Lucy Cartwright when she died?
Dame Mary Lucy Cartwright, DBE, FRS, FRSE (17 December 1900 – 3 April 1998) was a British mathematician.
Who are the siblings of Dame Mary Lucy Cartwright?
Her mother was Lucy Harriette Maud Cartwright (born in Paddington, London about 1869). Mary had four siblings: John (born about 1896), Nigel (born about 1898), Jane (born about 1905) and William (born about 1907).
Where did Mary Lucy Cartwright go to school?
Cartwright began her career at the Alice Ottley School in Worcester, where she taught and served as assistant director from 1923 to 1927. She spent another year teaching and directing at the Wycombie Abbey School in Buckinghamshire, but felt the prescribed curriculum there was too restrictive.
When did Mary Cartwright become a Dame Commander?
In 1969, she received the distinction of being honoured by the Queen, becoming Dame Mary Cartwright, Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire . Cartwright died in Midfield Lodge Nursing Home in Cambridge in 1998. ^ “Obituary: Mary Cartwright”.
